Keywords
Indonesia
Islam Nusantara
Islam
Pribumisasi Islam
How to Cite
Abstract
This study identifies the major challenges faced by Islam Nusantara in responding to political Islam in the contemporary world. It also aims to map the relationships and dynamics among three major currents of Islamic thought in Indonesia, traditional Islam, liberal Islam, and religious reformism, while explaining the role of Islam Nusantara in addressing contemporary crises through the intellectual legacy of Abdurrahman Wahid. The study employs a qualitative approach based on library research. Its analysis draws on historical scholarship and Indonesian Islamic thought in order to trace the genealogies and transmission of reformist ideas, the development of liberal Islamic discourse, and the responses articulated within traditionalist Islam. The findings show that Islamic reformism in Indonesia was shaped through the influence of major intellectual centers in the Middle East, including Mecca, Medina, and Cairo. Traditional Islam, by contrast, developed as a local Islamic cultural inheritance that emphasizes continuity of tradition and religious authority. Liberal Islam emerged through engagement with modern Muslim thinkers, including Fazlur Rahman. The study further demonstrates that the convergence between reformism and traditionalism has remained dynamic, involving ongoing negotiation, adaptation, and sustained forms of resistance, all of which have contributed to shaping the configuration of Indonesian Islam in the contemporary landscape. This article contributes to scholarship on the history of Indonesian Islamic thought by affirming Islam Nusantara as a conceptual framework for strengthening pluralism, mitigating the polarization produced by political Islam, and sustaining cultural-intellectual strategies for addressing current socio-religious crises.
Bibliography
Abdullah, T. (1971). School and politics: The Kaum Muda movement in West Sumatra (1927-1933). Cornell University Press, Southeast Asia Program.
Abdul Rozak, W. S., & Syafrani, A. (Eds.). (2003). Pendidikan kewargaan: Demokrasi, hak asasi manusia, dan masyarakat madani [Civic education: Democracy, human rights, and civil society]. Asia Foundation & Prenada Media. (Karya asli diterbitkan 2000)
Ahmed, L. (1992). Women and gender in Islam: Historical roots of a modern problem. Yale University Press.
Alatas, S. F. (1985). Notes on various theories regarding the Islamization of the Malay Archipelago. The Muslim World, 75, 162-175. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-1913.1985.tb02761.x
Alles, D. (2015). Transnational Islamic actors and Indonesia's foreign policy: Transcending the state. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315764986
Ardiantoro, J., & Aziz, M. (Eds.). (2016). Islam Nusantara: Inspirasi peradaban dunia [Islam Nusantara: An inspiration for world civilization]. PBNU.
Azra, A. (2004). The origins of Islamic reformism in Southeast Asia: Networks of Malay-Indonesian and Middle Eastern ulama in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. University of Hawai'i Press. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004488199
Basnur, B., et al. (Eds.). (2016). Permata dari surga: Potret kehidupan beragama di Indonesia (pp. iii-iv). Ministry of Foreign Affairs & State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah.
Bradley, F. R. (2016). Forging Islamic power and place. University of Hawai'i Press. https://doi.org/10.21313/hawaii/9780824851613.001.0001
Brenner, S. (2011). Private moralities in the public sphere: Democratization, Islam, and gender in Indonesia. American Anthropologist, 113(3), 478-490. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1433.2010.01355.x
Fealy, G., & Bubalo, A. (2005). Joining the caravan? The Middle East, Islamism, and Indonesia. Longueville Press.
Fealy, G., & White, S. (Eds.). (2008). Expressing Islam: Religious life and politics in Indonesia. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. https://doi.org/10.1355/9789812308528
Feener, R. M. (2019). Islam in Southeast Asia to c. 1800. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Asian History. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190277727.013.40
Feener, R. M., & Laffan, M. F. (2005). Sufi scents across the Indian Ocean: Yemeni hagiography and the earliest history of Southeast Asian Islam. Archipel, 70(1), 185-208. https://doi.org/10.3406/arch.2005.3978
Formichi, C. (2012). Islam and the making of nation: Kartosuwiryo and political Islam in twentieth-century Indonesia. Brill. https://doi.org/10.26530/OAPEN_424363
Formichi, C. (2020). Islam and Asia: A history. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316226803
Geertz, C. (1976). The religion of Java. University of Chicago Press.
Hadler, J. (2013). Muslims and matriarchs: Cultural resilience in Indonesia through jihad and colonialism. Cornell University Press. https://doi.org/10.7591/9780801461606
Hefner, R. W. (2000). Civil Islam: Muslims and democratization in Indonesia (pp. 3-36). Princeton University Press.
Heryanto, A. (2014). Identity and pleasure: The politics of Indonesian screen culture. NUS Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1qv1rz
Ho, E. (2006). The graves of Tarim: Genealogy and mobility across the Indian Ocean. University of California Press.
Hoesterey, J. B. (2016). Rebranding Islam: Piety, prosperity, and a self-help guru. Stanford University Press.
Johns, A. H. (1975). Islam in Southeast Asia: Reflections and new directions. Indonesia, 19, 33-55. https://doi.org/10.2307/3350701
Jones, C. (2010). Whose stress? Emotion work in middle-class Javanese homes. Ethnos, 69(4), 509-528. https://doi.org/10.1080/0014184042000302326
Latief, H. (2017). Marketising piety through charitable work: Islamic charities and the Islamisation of middle-class families in Indonesia. Dalam F. Osella & D. Rudnyckyj (Eds.), Religion and the morality of the market: Anthropological perspectives (pp. 196-216). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316888704.010
Mandal, S. K. (2017). Becoming Arab: Creole histories and modern identity in the Malay world. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108164931
Mandaville, P., & Hamid, S. (2018, November). Islam as statecraft: How governments use religion in foreign policy. Brookings Institution. https://doi.org/10.15868/socialsector.40709
Muwahidah, S. S. (2020). For the love of Ahl al-Bayt: Negotiating Shiʿism in Indonesia (Doctoral dissertation, Emory University).
Naim, M. (1971). Merantau: Causes and effects of Minangkabau voluntary migration. Institute of Southeast Asia Occasional Paper Series, 5, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1355/9789814380164-002
Ong, A., & Collier, S. J. (Eds.). (2005). Global assemblages: Technology, politics, and ethics as anthropological problems. Blackwell Publishing.
Peletz, M. G. (2020). Sharia transformations: Cultural politics and the rebranding of an Islamic judiciary. University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520974470
Ricci, R. (2004). Islam translated: Literature, conversion, and the Arabic cosmopolis of South and Southeast Asia. University of Chicago Press.
Ricklefs, M. C. (2006). Mystic synthesis in Java: A history of Islamization from the fourteenth to the early nineteenth centuries. Eastbridge.
Rudnyckyj, D. (2009). Market Islam in Indonesia. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 15(1), 182-200. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9655.2009.01549.x
Sahal, A., & Aziz, M. (Eds.). (2015). Islam Nusantara: Dari ushul fiqh hingga paham kebangsaan. Mizan.
Schaefer, S. (2021). Islam Nusantara: The conceptual vocabulary of Indonesian diversity. Islam Nusantara: Journal for the Study of Islamic History and Culture, 2, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.47776/islamnusantara.v3i1.163
Tambiah, S. J. (1977). The galactic polity: The structure of traditional kingdoms in Southeast Asia. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 293(1), 69-97. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1977.tb41806.x
Umar, N. (2019). Islam Nusantara: Jalan panjang moderasi beragama di Indonesia. Gramedia.
van Bruinessen, M. (1994). Origins and development of the Sufi orders (tarekat) in Southeast Asia. Studia Islamika, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.15408/sdi.v1i1.864
van Bruinessen, M. (2012). Indonesian Muslims and their place in the larger world of Islam. Dalam Indonesia rising: The repositioning of Asia's third giant (pp. 117-140). Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. https://doi.org/10.1355/9789814380416-013
Wahid, A. (2015). Pribumisasi Islam. Dalam M. Azhari & A. M. Saleh (Eds.), Islam Indonesia menatap masa depan. P3M.
Wirajuda, H. J. (2011). Seeds of democracy in Egypt: Sharing is caring. Strategic Review, 1(1), 147-158.
Woodward, M. (2017). Islam Nusantara: A semantic and symbolic analysis. Heritage of Islam Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage, 6(2), 181-198. https://doi.org/10.31291/hn.v6i2.398
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright (c) 2022 ISLAM NUSANTARA:Journal for the Study of Islamic History and Culture